
Ethyl Chloroformate (ECF) is a highly versatile organic compound, with the molecular formula C3H5ClO2. It is a colorless, volatile liquid known for its pungent odor and reactivity. This compound is primarily used as a reagent in organic synthesis, particularly in the preparation of carbamates, carbonates, and urethanes.
Chemical Formula: C3H5ClO2
Molecular Weight: 108.52 g/mol
Boiling Point: 9496 C
Density: 1.14 g/cm at 20C
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Solubility: Reacts with water, soluble in most organic solvents
1. Pharmaceutical Intermediates
Ethyl chloroformate is widely used in the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). It acts as a protecting agent for amino groups during peptide synthesis and other complex drug formulations.
2. Agrochemical Manufacturing
It plays a crucial role in the production of herbicides and insecticides, particularly in the formation of carbamate-based pesticides.
3. Chemical Synthesis
ECF is commonly employed as a carbonylating agent, helping to introduce carbamate and carbonate functional groups in fine chemical and specialty chemical manufacturing.
4. Polymer Industry
Used in the production of specialty polymers and coatings, ethyl chloroformate aids in modifying polymers for enhanced performance characteristics.
Ethyl chloroformate is highly reactive and toxic. It should be handled in a well-ventilated fume hood using appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves, goggles, and protective clothing. Avoid contact with water, alcohols, and bases, as it can release hydrogen chloride gas and heat upon decomposition.
Important Safety Precautions:
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area
Keep away from moisture and direct sunlight
Use with proper engineering controls to minimize exposure
Refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for detailed information on safe handling, storage, and disposal.
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